介词
in
一、介词
1.在某个范围内一点:These boys like playing in the street. 这些男孩喜欢在街上玩。
2.在某物形体内:There is a book in the desk. 书桌里有一本书。
3.进去:After I got in the car, my father drove off. 我上车后,爸爸就开车了。
4.在某段时间内:
in+年份:in 2016 在2016年
in+世纪:in 21st century 在21世纪
in+季节:in summer 在夏天
in+月份:in April 在4月份
in+上午/下午/晚上:in the morning 在上午
5.在某段时间以后:I will come back in a few hours. 几小时以后,我就回来了。
6.穿着: That boy in a black hat is my brother. 那个带黑帽子的男孩是我弟弟。
7.用以描述具体的环境:They just cried in the darkness. 他们只是在黑暗中哭泣。
8.表示状态:Please keep your books in order. 请保持书本整齐。
9.表示工作或职位:He is in business. 他从商。
10.表示某物的形式、形状、安排或数量:The students sat in rows to listen to the story.学生生一排排坐着听故事。
11.表示语言和材料等:Please answer the question in English. 请用英语回答这个问题。
12.在…方面:China is a country rich in culture.中国是一个文化丰富的国家。
13.当…时:
In crossing the street, he saved a student was in danger.
在过马路时,他救了一名处于危险中的学生。
14.用于比率或相对数:one in five 五分之一
- in that 原因是:She passed the exam in that her friend helped her a lot. 她能通过考试的原因是她朋友帮了大忙。
二、副词
1.在里面: Some people like drinking coffee with sugar in. 有些人喝咖啡喜欢加糖。
2.进入:Please open the door and go in.请把门打开,然后进去。
3.在家,在工作单位:Nobody was in when we arrived home.当我们到家时,家里没人。
4.当选:He may get in at the last election.
- 词组:
be in for sth 即将遭受不愉快的事情 be in at sth 在…发生时在场
get in on sth 参与,了解 be in with sb 与某人十分友好
in and out 时常出入
三、形容词
流行的,时髦的:Blue is in in this summer.今年夏天流行蓝色。
四、名词
have an in with sb 对某人又影响 the ins and outs of sth 全部细节
方位介词
- at, in, on
at 一般指小地方;in 一般指大地方或某个范围之内;on 往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例:
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. 他昨天到上海。
They arrived at a small village before dark. 他们在天黑前到达一个小村庄。
There is a big hole in the wall. 墙上有个大洞。
The teacher hung a picture on the wall. 老师把一幅画挂在墙上。
- over, above, on
over, on 和 above 都可表示“在……上面”,但具体含义不同。Over 表示位置高于某物,在某物的正上方,其反义词是under。above 也表示位置高于某物,但不一定在正上方,其反义词是below。On 指两个物体表面接触,一个在另一的上面。例如:
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
We flew above the clouds. 我们飞越云层。
They put some flowers on the teacher's desk. 他们把一些花放在讲桌上。
- across, through
across 和 through 均可表示“从这一边到另一边”,但用法不同。Across 的含义与 on 有关,表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。Through 的含义与 in 有关,表示动作是在三维空间进行。例如:
The dog ran across the grass. 狗跑过草地。
The boy swam across the river. 那男孩游过河。
They walked through the forest. 他们穿过森林。
I pushed through the crowds. 我挤过人群。
- in front of, in the front of
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”,在某个范围以外;in the front of 表示“在……的前部”,在某个范围以内。例如:
There are some tall trees in front of the building. 大楼前有一些高大的树。
The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom. 老师坐在教室前面。
- among, between
两者都含有“在……中间”的意思。 一般说法是:among 用于“三者或三者以上之间”,而 between 则用于“两者之间”。例如:
I bought three hundred eggs and there was not a single bad one among them. 我买了三百鸡蛋,里面一个坏的也没有。
What's the difference between Asian elephants and African elephants? 亚洲象与非洲象有什么不同?
不过这个定义过于简单。Oxford上对于两者的解释是:"Among" is used of people or things considered as a group. "Between" is used of people or things, either two in number or more than two considered individually.
- among 除了表示多于两者之间的关系外,更重要是它表达了“在其中”的意思。究竟是多少人或事并不重要,因为他们/它们已经被视为一体。例如:
He stood among the crowd. 他站在人群中。
There is a thief among you. 你们中间有一个是小偷。
She divided the money among her three children. 她把钱分给了她的三个孩子。
- Between 可用于“三者或三者以上之间”,指每个人或物与别的每个人或物分别发生联系,例如:
Ecuador lies between Columbia, Peru, and the Pacific Ocean. 厄瓜多尔位于哥伦比亚、秘鲁和太平洋之间。
- Between 在表示“合作、协力”的意义时,其宾语不受所涉及到的个体数目的限制。例如:
The three children saved over a hundred pounds between them. 三个孩子一共赚了一百多英镑。
The three men tried to lift the box between them. 三个人一齐用力想把箱子抬起来。
Among 也有相同的用法:
They finished the work among themselves. 他们共同完成了这项工作。